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Surface Brightness Fluctuations (SBF)
Brightest red giant branch stars relatively constant
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the measurement of SBF is staightforward
- pick a patch of galaxy
- measure the pixel-to-pixel rms: s
- measure the average flux: g
the flux we see comes from a finite number N of stars of average flux f --> would expect that g=Nf and s=(?N)f
average flux is then f= s2/g
Notes: